How to Configure DHCP Failover Cluster on Windows Server 2012
Summary: Failover options for DHCP and how to create different DHCP scopes for one IP range on different servers
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Symptoms
All of you know that we didn't have any Faileover option for DHCP in the past. So must of us created different DHCP scopes for one IP range on diffenrent servers. This was needed to get a partly redundant DHCP option. This was working but any changes for reservations, scope changes or configuration changes must be done manualy or with scripts. This took time or wasn't realy successfull. Now with Windows Server 2012, we get a real Failovercluster including configuration replication. Please notice, the only available options are load balanced and hot standby. I will explain you later when you should use which option. So let us start to configure our cluster.
1. You need to install the first DHCP Server and configure the DHCP Scope. This DHCP Server has to be Windows Server 2012 Standard or Datacenter. Please see article https://www.dell.com/support/article/SLN312489. In this scenario I configured the first DHCP Server on Flo-SVR-DC01.
2. Next install a new server with Windows Server 2012 or take one other free server from your existing Windows Server 2012 Systems as Windows Server 2012 DHCP Failover Clusterpartner. In my case I installed a fresh Windows Server 2012 VM as Failover Partner.
3. Now your could add the new node to your Server Manager, if you want to manage the Server remote. You can also configure the Failover Setup without this, but it helps to manage both Servers later.
4. When the DHCP role was installed correct on the second host and you added the server for management to your management host, than you should see both systems under DHCP.
Figure 1: DHCP Server
5. In the next step open the DHCP MMC.
Figure 2: DHCP MMC
6. In the DHCP MMC please add the second DHCP Server first. You can do this via right click on "DHCP" and than "Add Server".
Figure 3: Add Server
7. Now you should see both DHCP Servers in the list.
12. In the next step we authorize the DHCP server to our Domain.
13. Now click right on the scope that you want to cluster and select "Configure Failover".
Figure 4: Configure Failover
14. When the Wizzard starts, you see the Scope that can be clustered.
Figure 5: Wizzard starts
If you see no available Scope, you have to check if DHCP Service is up, DHCP Server is complet configured and there are no issues with DNS and ADDS.
15. Next step is to selecte the failover partner.
Figure 6: Failover partner
16. When you authorized the second DHCP server before, you see it in the second list. Otherwise you have to select "This Server:" and "Browse".
Figure 7: Server and Browse
17. Now you type in the name of the server.
Figure 8: Type pf the server
18. When you entered the name click "Check Names". When the wizzard found the server, click "ok".
Figure 9: Check Names
19. Click "ok" and the server will attached to DHCP MMC.
Figure 10: Attached Server
20. Now you see the selected Server with complet FQDN in the Patern Server field.
Figure 11: FQDN in the Patern Server field
Click "Next" to go on.
21. Now you have to set the cluster configuration.
Load Blanced:
Figure 12: Cluster configuration
Relationship Name: Name of your Failover Cluster
Maximum Client Lead Time: Defines the amount of time the surviving server will wait before assuming control of the entire scope.
Mode: Load Balanced - When the cluster is configured in Load Balance mode, this results in an active-active setup of the two DHCP Servers. You should use when you have big networks with many clients or you want to deploy the cluster in different branch offices.
Load Balance Percentage: Means how the work is splitted up between both hosts. The percentages together can only be 100%. The node with the highest percentage gets the highest workload.
State Switchover Interval: automatically change state to partner down after <time>.
Enable Message Authentification: enables authentification from clusternodes.
Shared Secret: Validation Passwort that identifies the node as partners against each other.
Standby:
Figure 13: Name of your Failover Cluster
Relationship Name: Name of your Failover Cluster
Maximum Client Lead Time: Defines the amount of time the surviving server will wait before assuming control of the entire scope.
Mode: Hot Standvy - When the cluster is configured in Hot Standby mode, one node is active and the second is standby and will only take over when the primary DHCP Server failes. You should use when you need the partner as fault tolerance.
Adresses reserved for standby server: Means how many adresse the standby can lease before he takes over the entire scope and becomes active.
State Switchover Interval: automatically change state to partner down after <time>.
Enable Message Authentification: enables authentification from clusternodes.
Shared Secret: Validation Passwort that identifies the node as partners against each other.
22. After klicking "Next" you see a short summary of your configuration.
Figure 14: Name of your Failover Cluster
Figure 15: Name of your Failover Cluster
23. Klick "Finish" and the cluster configuration starts.
24. In the DHCP MMC click right on the Scope and force a replication by clicking on "Replicate Failover Scope" and than on the refresh button or press F5.
Figure 16: Replicate Failover Scope
25. On the failover node check the config. If the config is right your finished.
Figure 17: On the failover node check the config
Steps
1. You need to install the first DHCP Server and configure the DHCP Scope. This DHCP Server has to be Windows Server 2012 Standard or Datacenter. Please see article https://www.dell.com/support/article/SLN312489. In this scenario I configured the first DHCP Server on Flo-SVR-DC01.
2. Next install a new server with Windows Server 2012 or take one other free server from your existing Windows Server 2012 Systems as Windows Server 2012 DHCP Failover Clusterpartner. In my case I installed a fresh Windows Server 2012 VM as Failover Partner.
3. Now your could add the new node to your Server Manager, if you want to manage the Server remote. You can also configure the Failover Setup without this, but it helps to manage both Servers later.
4. When the DHCP role was installed correct on the second host and you added the server for management to your management host, than you should see both systems under DHCP.
Figure 1: DHCP Server
5. In the next step open the DHCP MMC.
Figure 2: DHCP MMC
6. In the DHCP MMC please add the second DHCP Server first. You can do this via right click on "DHCP" and than "Add Server".
Figure 3: Add Server
7. Now you should see both DHCP Servers in the list.
12. In the next step we authorize the DHCP server to our Domain.
13. Now click right on the scope that you want to cluster and select "Configure Failover".
Figure 4: Configure Failover
14. When the Wizzard starts, you see the Scope that can be clustered.
Figure 5: Wizzard starts
If you see no available Scope, you have to check if DHCP Service is up, DHCP Server is complet configured and there are no issues with DNS and ADDS.
15. Next step is to selecte the failover partner.
Figure 6: Failover partner
16. When you authorized the second DHCP server before, you see it in the second list. Otherwise you have to select "This Server:" and "Browse".
Figure 7: Server and Browse
17. Now you type in the name of the server.
Figure 8: Type pf the server
18. When you entered the name click "Check Names". When the wizzard found the server, click "ok".
Figure 9: Check Names
19. Click "ok" and the server will attached to DHCP MMC.
Figure 10: Attached Server
20. Now you see the selected Server with complet FQDN in the Patern Server field.
Figure 11: FQDN in the Patern Server field
Click "Next" to go on.
21. Now you have to set the cluster configuration.
Load Blanced:
Figure 12: Cluster configuration
Relationship Name: Name of your Failover Cluster
Maximum Client Lead Time: Defines the amount of time the surviving server will wait before assuming control of the entire scope.
Mode: Load Balanced - When the cluster is configured in Load Balance mode, this results in an active-active setup of the two DHCP Servers. You should use when you have big networks with many clients or you want to deploy the cluster in different branch offices.
Load Balance Percentage: Means how the work is splitted up between both hosts. The percentages together can only be 100%. The node with the highest percentage gets the highest workload.
State Switchover Interval: automatically change state to partner down after <time>.
Enable Message Authentification: enables authentification from clusternodes.
Shared Secret: Validation Passwort that identifies the node as partners against each other.
Standby:
Figure 13: Name of your Failover Cluster
Relationship Name: Name of your Failover Cluster
Maximum Client Lead Time: Defines the amount of time the surviving server will wait before assuming control of the entire scope.
Mode: Hot Standvy - When the cluster is configured in Hot Standby mode, one node is active and the second is standby and will only take over when the primary DHCP Server failes. You should use when you need the partner as fault tolerance.
Adresses reserved for standby server: Means how many adresse the standby can lease before he takes over the entire scope and becomes active.
State Switchover Interval: automatically change state to partner down after <time>.
Enable Message Authentification: enables authentification from clusternodes.
Shared Secret: Validation Passwort that identifies the node as partners against each other.
22. After klicking "Next" you see a short summary of your configuration.
Figure 14: Name of your Failover Cluster
Figure 15: Name of your Failover Cluster
23. Klick "Finish" and the cluster configuration starts.
24. In the DHCP MMC click right on the Scope and force a replication by clicking on "Replicate Failover Scope" and than on the refresh button or press F5.
Figure 16: Replicate Failover Scope
25. On the failover node check the config. If the config is right your finished.
Figure 17: On the failover node check the config
Cause
Resolution
Article Properties
Article Number: 000147573
Article Type: Solution
Last Modified: 14 Dec 2021
Version: 5
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